Pearl
Perfect shining spheres. Lustrous baroque forms. Seductive strands, warm to the touch. Pearls are simply and purely organic.
OVERVIEW
ABOUT PEARL
Perhaps the best-loved gems of all time, pearls—natural and cultured—occur in a wide variety of colors. The most familiar are white and cream, but the palette of colors extends to every hue. Natural pearls form around a microscopic irritant in the bodies of certain mollusks. Cultured pearls are the result of the deliberate insertion of a bead or piece of tissue that the mollusk coats with nacre.
BIRTHSTONES & ANNIVERSARIES
Pearl is the birthstone for June and the gem of the third and thirtieth anniversaries.
2206 BC
A Chinese historian writes about pearls for the first time.
653 Fifth Avenue
In 1917, Pierre Cartier traded a double strand of natural pearls for a mansion on Fifth Avenue in New York City.
1893
Kokichi Mikimoto successfully cultures a pearl in Japan.
Facts
Chemistry: CaCO3
Color: White, black, gray, yellow, orange, pink, lavender, green, blue
Refractive Index: 1.52-1.69
Specific Gravity: 2.60-2.85
Mohs Hardness: 2.5-3.0
TREATMENTS
There are a number of processes used to alter the color, apparent clarity, or improve the durability of gems.
SYNTHETICS
Some gemstones have synthetic counterparts that have essentially the same chemical, physical, and optical properties, but are grown by man in a laboratory.
IMITATIONS
Any gem can be imitated—sometimes by manmade materials or by natural materials chosen by man to impersonate a particular gem.
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WHY WE LOVE THIS GEMSTONE
1
LUSTER
Luster results from reflection of light rays off the pearl’s surface, and from concentric inner layers of nacre, like light bouncing off a convex mirror.
2
VARIETY
Natural or cultured, saltwater or freshwater, nacreous or not, pearls come in a myriad of shapes and colors, telling the stories of the mollusks in which they grew.
3
SUSTAINABILITY
Pearls reflect the condition of the dynamic environments in which they grow. The quality of a mollusk’s surroundings is inextricably linked to its health and the quality of its pearls.
QUALITY FACTORS
A classification of the GIA 7 Pearl Value Factors™ determines the quality and value of pearls.
SIZE
SHAPE
COLOR
LUSTER
SURFACE
NACRE
MATCHING
PEARL QUALITY FACTORS: THE COMPREHENSIVE GUIDE
RESEARCH
Explore sources, gemological research, and the role of gems in history.
RECOMMENDED READING
The Pearl Buying Guide: How to Identify and Evaluate Pearls & Pearl Jewelry
Pearls
