G&G In a Flash: Nature’s Diamond Sculptures

Phoebe Shang


CLIPPIR Diamonds

Among superdeep diamonds is a rare subgroup known as CLIPPIR diamonds. These stones tend to be unusually large, chemically pure and irregularly shaped. They often show heavy surface wear from resorption and contain very little nitrogen, which typically places them in the colorless range.

Some famous historic diamonds, such as the Cullinan Diamond, fall into this category. They’re prized not just for their size, rarity and beauty, but for what they reveal about Earth’s deep interior.

Why Rough Diamonds Matter

Rough diamonds may not sparkle like finished gems, but they have a different kind of allure. For scientists and gemologists, rough diamonds provide invaluable insight into how our planet works. For others, they’re a reminder that every polished diamond starts as something raw, unpredictable and shaped entirely by nature.

So the next time you admire a sparkling diamond, imagine the journey it took to get there. Behind every brilliant stone is a rough beginning, and a story written by nature itself.

Collage of five images showing different diamond sculptures that resemble a mortar and pestle, a campfire, gummy bears and dice.
Photos by Evan M. SmithRough diamonds can form surprisingly familiar shapes. These examples include a tiny mortar (1.95-carat), raindrop-like crystals (3.23 ct each), a flame-shaped diamond (2.70 ct) with baguette diamond “logs,” a gummy bear shaped diamond (9.18 ct), and cube-like diamonds that resemble dice.

When you think of diamonds, you probably picture perfectly cut, sparkling gems set in engagement rings or fine jewelry. But long before a diamond is polished and faceted, it exists in crystal form—often rough, irregular and surprisingly full of personality.

Many rough diamonds form as octahedrons (eight-sided crystals that look like pyramids connected at the base) or macles (flat, triangular shapes). But some go far beyond these familiar forms, emerging from the Earth looking like nature’s sculptures.

GIA researcher Evan Smith recently studied a collection of these striking diamond crystals, searching for clues on how they formed deep underground. These stones are more than curiosities—they’re nature’s time capsules, preserving evidence of Earth’s geologic processes over the past millions to billions of years.

A brown octahedral diamond crystal and a colorless macle above a brown cushion cut diamond  and colorless heart-shaped diamond.
Many rough diamonds form as octahedrons or macles. This image shows a 4.15-carat brown, octahedral diamond crystal with trigons (natural triangular etch marks) next to a 2.09-carat colorless macle with trigons. For comparison, the faceted stones below include a 3.06-carat brown cushion-cut diamond and a 1.34-carat colorless heart-shaped diamond.

HOW DIAMONDS TAKE SHAPE DEEP UNDERGROUND

Diamonds form far beneath the Earth’s surface, under extreme heat and pressure, when carbon crystallizes into one of the hardest materials on the planet. Many grow into quintessential octahedral shapes, but that’s only the beginning of their story.

Despite their legendary hardness, diamonds aren’t indestructible. As they grow and make their way toward the surface, powerful natural forces shape them. Underground movement can cause diamonds to crack or split cleanly along natural weak points in their crystal structure. Hot fluids and molten rock can also partially dissolve their surfaces—a process called resorption.

Sharper, angular stones may reflect crystal growth or breakage, while smooth, rounded diamonds are often signs of heavy resorption

The result is a remarkable range of shapes and textures, created by ongoing crystal growth, breakage and resorption over time.

ROUGH DIAMONDS THAT LOOK LIKE…EVERYTHING

A split image of 10 transparent, plate-shaped rough diamonds against a white surface, and a transparent, plate-shaped rough diamond against a sunset.
Photos by Evan M. SmithOn the left are transparent, plate-shaped rough diamonds ranging in weight from 0.99 to 9.67 carats. On the right, a 2.22-carat diamond is shown against the sunset.


Geologists often describe diamonds as “windows” into the Earth’s mantle. Occasionally, that idea becomes literal. Some diamonds emerge as thin, transparent, plate-like forms that resemble panes of glass.

These shapes form when a diamond breaks along cleavage planes, creating flat, window-like surfaces.

Baguettes

10 pale yellow baguette shaped rough diamonds against a black surface
Photo by Evan M. Smith These elongated rough diamonds resemble baguette cuts and range in weight from 1.84 to 7.10 carats, with lengths between 16 and 24 millimeters.
The Constellation Diamond crystal on a black background
Photo by Jian Xin (Jae) Liao The 812-carat Constellation Diamond is a classic CLIPPIR diamond, combining incredible size and clarity with an unusual shape. It was sold in 2016 for $63.1 million, the highest price paid for a rough diamond to date.


CLIPPIR Diamonds

Among superdeep diamonds is a rare subgroup known as CLIPPIR diamonds. These stones tend to be unusually large, chemically pure and irregularly shaped. They often show heavy surface wear from resorption and contain very little nitrogen, which typically places them in the colorless range.

Some famous historic diamonds, such as the Cullinan Diamond, fall into this category. They’re prized not just for their size, rarity and beauty, but for what they reveal about Earth’s deep interior.

Why Rough Diamonds Matter

Rough diamonds may not sparkle like finished gems, but they have a different kind of allure. For scientists and gemologists, rough diamonds provide invaluable insight into how our planet works. For others, they’re a reminder that every polished diamond starts as something raw, unpredictable and shaped entirely by nature.

So the next time you admire a sparkling diamond, imagine the journey it took to get there. Behind every brilliant stone is a rough beginning, and a story written by nature itself.

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G&G in a Flash: Nature’s Diamond Sculptures | GIA Research