Research Collaborations & Support to Academia

Since GIA’s founding in 1931, our mission has been to protect the public trust in gems and jewelry. Part of fulfilling this mission means conducting extensive research on gems through acquiring gem samples and conducting thorough scientific investigation on these samples through cutting-edge instruments. Our goal is to share our findings widely, including with the jewelry trade, scientific and academic communities and the general public.

The following list showcases recent articles authored or coauthored by GIA scientists that have appeared in professional publications. Coauthored articles were written in collaboration with researchers at universities or other institutions. These diverse articles represent pressing topics that our scientists are currently investigating, including knowledge that addresses current gemological challenges.

All Gems & Gemology articles are available for download on the GIA website. Articles from other journals are often available in university libraries or from the journal publishers. At GIA, we are privileged to have access to a large range and quantity of gems often unavailable to other scientists. We are thrilled to be able to share the insight obtained from these gems with fellow scientists and the public at large.

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Renfro N.D., Koivula J.I., Muyal J., McClure S.F., Schumacher K., Shigley J.E. (2019). Charts: Inclusions in natural, synthetic and treated opal. Gems & Gemology, Vol. 55, No. 2, pp. 244-245.


Saeseaw S., Renfro N.D., Palke A.C., Sun Z.Y., McClure S.F. (2019) Geographic origin determination of emerald. Gems & Gemology, Vol. 55, No. 4, pp. 614-646.


Shirey S.B., Smit K.V., Pearson D.G., Walter M.J., Aulbach S., Brenker F.E., Bureau H., Burnham A.D., Cartigny P., Chacko T., Frost D.J., Hauri E.H., Jacob D.E., Jacobsen S.D., Kohn S.C., Luth R.W., Mikhail S., Navon O., Nestola F., Nimis P., Smith E.V., Stachel T., Stagno V., Stern R.A., Steele A., Thomassot E., Thomson A.R., Weiss Y. (2019) Recent advances in understanding deep mantle carbon from diamond: Contributions from the DMGC. In B. Orcutt, I. Daniel, and R. Dasgupta, Eds., Whole Earth Carbon: Past and Present, Cambridge University Press, pp. 89-128.


Smit K.V., Shirey S.B. (2019) How old are diamonds? Are they forever? Gems & Gemology, Vol. 55, No. 1, pp. 102-109.


Smit K.V., Shirey S.B. (2019) Kimberlites: Earths diamond delivery system. Gems & Gemology, Vol. 55, No. 2, pp. 270-276.


Smit K.V., Shirey S.B., Hauri E.H., Stern R.A. (2019) Sulfur isotopes in diamonds reveal differences in continental construction. Science, Vol. 364, No. 6438, pp. 383-385.


Smit K.V., Stachel T., Luth R.W., Stern R.A. (2019) Evaluating mechanisms for eclogitic diamond growth: An example from Zimmi Neoproterozoic diamonds (West African craton). Chemical Geology, Vol. 520, pp. 21-32.


Smith E.M., Shirey S.B., Richardson S.H., Nestola F., Bullock E.S., Wang J.H., Wang W. (2019) Reply to: Evidence for two blue (type IIb) diamond populations. Nature, Vol. 570, pp. E28-E29.


Sturman N., Otter L.M., Homkrajae A., Manustrong A., Nilpetploy N., Lawanwong K., Kessrapong P., Jochum K.P., Stoll B., Götz H., Jacob D.E. (2019) A pearl identification challenge. Gems & Gemology, Vol. 55, No. 2, pp. 229-243.


Sun Z.Y., Palke A.C., Breeding C.M., Dutrow B.L. (2019) A new method for determining gem tourmaline species by LA-ICP-MS. Gems & Gemology, Vol. 55, No. 1, pp. 2-17.