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Figure 1. One of GIA’s new LA-ICP-MS corundum calibration standards sets (set number 1); the epoxy disk containing the set is 1.5 inches in diameter. NIST SRM 610 and 612 glass standards are included to account for trace and non-trace elements, such as those found in inclusions, that were not incorporated into the synthetic sapphire crystals grown for standards. Photo by Jennifer Stone-Sundberg.

Accurate Reporting of Key Trace Elements in Ruby and Sapphire Using Matrix-Matched Standards

Jennifer Stone-Sundberg, Timothy Thomas, Ziyin Sun, Yunbin Guan, Zachary Cole, Randy Equall, and John L. Emmett, January 26, 2018

Presents a group of corundum standards developed by GIA to improve the accuracy and efficiency of its laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) instruments.

Abstract Header from the 2009 issue of Gems & Gemology

Abstracts; Summer 2009

Brendan M. Laurs, Thomas W. Overton

This article, from the Summer 2009 issue of Gems & Gemmology, is a compilation of abstracts of important gemmology-related articles published outside of Gems & Gemmology.

Gemstone Durability: Design to Display

Deborah Dupont Martin, June 1, 1987

A treatise on the design, display, care and repair of fine gemstones.

Heat Treating Corundum: The Bangkok Operation

Jack S. D. Abraham, June 1, 1982

An overview of the potential effects that heat treatment can have on corundum.

Heat Treating Ruby and Sapphire: Technical Aspects

Kurt Nassau, September 1, 1981

A review of heat treatment methods available for use on natural or synthetic corundum.

Induced Fingerprints

John I. Koivula, December 1, 1983

This article reports the results of a series of experiments conducted to explain the phenomenon of induced fingerprints.

A Preliminary Report on the New Lechleitner Synthetic Ruby and Synthetic Blue Sapphire

Robert E. Kane, March 1, 1985

A new synthetic ruby and synthetic blue sapphire have been synthesised by Johann Lechleitner of Innsbruck, Austria.

Introduction to Analysing Internal Growth Structures: Identification of the Negative d Plane in Natural Ruby

Christopher P. Smith, September 1, 1996

This article presents the methods and instruments needed to analyse the internal growth structures of corundum.

Synthetic Rubies by Douros: A New Challenge for Gemmologists

Henry A. Hänni, Karl Schmetzer, June 1, 1994

Greek manufacturer J. & A. Douros introduced a new flux synthetic ruby in early 1993.

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