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Synthetic Gem Materials and Simulants in the 1990s

The 1990s witnessed important developments in the commercial viability of gem-quality synthetic diamonds.

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Synthetic or imitation? An investigation of the products of Kyocera Corporation that show play-of-colour

An investigation of the difference between synthetic opal and opal simulant.

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Dyed Natural Corundum as a Ruby Imitation

The gemmological properties of a new ruby imitation, produced by dyeing natural colourless to pale-coloured corundum, are described.

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An Examination of Nontransparent “CZ” from Russia

White, pink and black nontransparent synthetic "cubic zirconia" is currently being manufactured in Russia and marketed primarily in cabochon and bead form.

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"Opalite": Plastic Imitation Opal with True Play-Of-Colour

A plastic imitation opal that shows true play-of-colour was advertised as "new" and offered for sale under the trade name "Opalite" at the Gem and Lapidary Dealers Association (GLDA) Tucson show in February 1988.

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Inamori Synthetic Cat's-Eye Alexandrite

This article reports on a detailed gemmological examination of this new synthetic cat's-eye alexandrite.

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Lepidolite with Simulated Matrix

The authors examine an unusual crystal in matrix.

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The Early History of Gemstone Treatments

The author has uncovered many ancient references to the simulation or enhancement of gemstones.

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Cobalt Glass as a Lapis Lazuli Imitation

The properties of a novel gemmological imitation, cobalt glass.

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The Identification of Turquoise by Infrared Spectroscopy and X-Ray Powder Diffraction

Two techniques for identifying natural, treated and synthetic turquoise are examined.

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