Discusses the role of three-phase inclusions in emerald, in combination with spectroscopy and trace-element analysis, in determining geographic origin.
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A report on the chemical and mineralogical analysis of samples’ solid inclusions.
Read MoreA new production of hydrothermal synthetic emeralds.
Read MoreZambia is considered the world’s second most important source of emeralds by value (after Colombia).
Read MoreSynthetic emeralds grown hydrothermally in an alkali-free, chlorine-bearing solution have been manufactured in Guilin, China, since 1987.
Read MoreZimbabwe’s Sandawana mines have been an important producer of emeralds for 40 years.
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The emeralds of the Ural Mountains, in what is now called the Russian Federation, have been known for more than 160 years.
Read MoreMananjary emeralds usually can be separated from emeralds from other localities by means of associations of certain mineral inclusions.
Read MoreMore than 2,000 years ago, emerald deposits in upper Egypt were supplying gems throughout the Graeco-Roman Empire.
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Emeralds are again being mined in the historic district of the Ural Mountains. Physical, chemical, spectroscopic and microscopic characteristics of stones from the recent production are presented and compared with data on older samples as well as those reported in the literature.
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