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Drilled natural pearls examined in this study.
Saltwater Pearls from the Pre- to Early Columbian Era: A Gemmological and Radiocarbon Dating Study

Examines 85 saltwater natural pearls, reportedly harvested from the Caribbean islands off the coast of Venezuela during the early 16th century, to determine their age.

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Rough CLIPPIR diamonds
The Very Deep Origin of the World’s Biggest Diamonds

Explores an exceptional family of diamonds, referred to as “CLIPPIR” (Cullinan-like, Large, Inclusion-Poor, Pure, Irregular and Resorbed), that formed in a super-deep environment.

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A blue synthetic star sapphire from past production of Wiede’s Carbidwerk
Synthetic Star Sapphires and Rubies Produced by Wiede’s Carbidwerk, Freyung, Germany

Details the process used by Wiede’s Carbidwerk to produce star synthetic corundum from the mid-1950s until the 1970s.

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23.16 carat pink diamond unearthed from the Williamson Mine in Tanzania. Image courtesy of Petra Diamonds.
Article
The Unexpected Origins of Big Diamonds

Dr Evan Smith, Ph.D., GIA research scientist, has dedicated his work to methodically characterising the inclusions found in rare diamonds. In this video presentation recorded at the 2017 JCK Las Vegas show, Smith shares his findings on the unexpected ori

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Multi-colored gems are superimposed on an image of glacier peaks.
Article
Gems and Minerals from the Sub-Arctic

Circumnavigate the boreal reaches of the globe to explore gems from polar regions.

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Evan Smith studies images of diamond inclusions on a computer.
Article
Postdoctoral Programme Gives Scientists Access to Rare Research Opportunities

GIA’s postdoctoral programme gives researchers access to gemmological data, equipment, and rare, unusual and large gems in its laboratories.

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Three pieces of labradorite with yellow, blue and green flashes of color.
Article
Optical Effects of Phenomenal Cabochons

Learn how the structure, inclusions and properties of some gemstones interact with light to create unusual visual effects.

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Madagascar Ruby Rush
Article
Pardieu Brings Ruby Rush to Life with Stories and Updates from Madagascar

Field gemmologists share the challenges and opportunities of travelling to a Madagascar ruby deposit to collect samples to be used as reference material.

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Emeralds from Musakashi, Zambia
Three-Phase Inclusions in Emerald and Their Impact on Origin Determination

Discusses the role of three-phase inclusions in emerald, in combination with spectroscopy and trace-element analysis, in determining geographic origin.

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Four types of heated Baltic amber
Experimental Studies on the Heat Treatment of Baltic Amber

Amber samples were heat-treated, using various procedures and parameters, in an effort to reproduce materials found in the jewellery market.

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