Amber has been found in various parts of the world, but the main historical source is the land that surrounds the Baltic Sea.
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Within a few years of their discovery, the diamonds deposits of South Africa produced more diamonds than had come from India in two millennia.
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The discovery of diamonds in South Africa in early 1867 marked the start of an historic period of diamond exploration.
Read MoreThe California gold rush − the largest gold rush in the history of the world − changed the social, economic, political and cultural history of the American West.
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G&G announces the winners of the Dr Edward J. Gübelin Most Valuable Article Awards for 2019.
Read MoreMany people have heard of zircon but never seen it. This is mostly because of colourless zircon’s wide use as a diamond simulant in the early 1900s.
Read MoreTurquoise is one of the world’s most ancient gems. Archaeological excavations revealed that the rulers of ancient Egypt adorned themselves with turquoise jewellery, and Chinese artisans were carving it more than 3,000 years ago.
Read MoreSomewhere in Brazil in the 1500s, a Spanish conquistador washed the dirt from a green tourmaline crystal and confused the vibrant gem with emerald. His confusion lived on until scientists recognised tourmaline as a distinct mineral species in the 1800s.
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Most authorities agree that the name topaz comes from Topazios, the old Greek name for a small island in the Red Sea, now called Zabargad. (The island never produced topaz, but it was once a source of peridot, which was confused with topaz before the development of modern mineralogy.)
Read MoreTanzanite is relatively new to the coloured stone galaxy. Almost overnight, tanzanite became popular with leading jewellery designers and other gem professionals, as well as with customers who had an eye for beautiful and unusual gems.
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