Article Search Results

Inclusions in Natural, Synthetic and Treated Ruby

Nathan D. Renfro, John I. Koivula, Jonathan Muyal, Shane F. McClure, Kevin Schumacher, and James E. Shigley, January 26, 2018

Provides a visual guide to the internal features of natural, synthetic and treated rubies.

Figure 1. One of GIA’s new LA-ICP-MS corundum calibration standards sets (set number 1); the epoxy disk containing the set is 1.5 inches in diameter. NIST SRM 610 and 612 glass standards are included to account for trace and non-trace elements, such as those found in inclusions, that were not incorporated into the synthetic sapphire crystals grown for standards. Photo by Jennifer Stone-Sundberg.

Accurate Reporting of Key Trace Elements in Ruby and Sapphire Using Matrix-Matched Standards

Jennifer Stone-Sundberg, Timothy Thomas, Ziyin Sun, Yunbin Guan, Zachary Cole, Randy Equall, and John L. Emmett, January 26, 2018

Presents a group of corundum standards developed by GIA to improve the accuracy and efficiency of its laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) instruments.

Abstract Header from the 2009 issue of Gems & Gemology

Abstracts; Summer 2009

Brendan M. Laurs, Thomas W. Overton

This article, from the Summer 2009 issue of Gems & Gemmology, is a compilation of abstracts of important gemmology-related articles published outside of Gems & Gemmology.

Rubies and Fancy Sapphires from Vietnam

Robert E. Kane, Shane F. McClure, September 1, 1991

Gem-quality rubies and pink to purple sapphires are being recovered from the Luc Yen and Quy Chau mining regions of Vietnam.

Induced Fingerprints

John I. Koivula, December 1, 1983

This article reports the results of a series of experiments conducted to explain the phenomenon of induced fingerprints.

Some Diagnostic Features of Russian Hydrothermal Synthetic Rubies and Sapphires

Karl Schmetzer and Adolf Peretti, March 1, 1999

Most Russian hydrothermal synthetic rubies and pink, orange, green, blue and violet sapphires—coloured by chromium and/or nickel—reveal diagnostic zigzag or mosaic-like growth structures associated with colour zoning.

Carbon Dioxide Fluid Inclusions as Proof of Natural-Coloured Corundum

John I. Koivula, September 1, 1986

An important clue in identifying natural-coloured corundum is the presence of carbon dioxide fluid inclusions.

Trapiche Rubies

Karl Schmetzer, Henry A, Hänni, December 1, 1996

Ruby crystals from Southeast Asia with a fixed six-rayed star, similar in effect to trapiche emeralds from Colombia, are described.

Hydrothermal Synthetic Red Beryl from the Institute of Crystallography, Moscow

James E. Shigley, Shane F. McClure, March 1, 2001

Hydrothermal synthetic red beryl has been produced for jewellery applications.

Natural Rubies with Glass-Filled Cavities

Robert E. Kane, December 1, 1984

An examination and analysis of 15 natural rubies with glass-filled cavities.

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