Diamond Market in Recovery and Top-End Auction Results

Russell Shor

November 19, 2019

Diamond Mining Industry

De Beers and Alrosa, the world’s two largest diamond producers, say the diamond market is stabilising after several months of severe cutbacks in rough sales and that they are expecting reasonably strong demand during the US holiday season and Chinese New Year.

Both companies cut sales more than 25% as stocks of rough and polished diamonds increased earlier in the year and prices of both fell. The banks also continued their tight credit policies for the industry.

At the 4-8 Nov cycle, De Beers increased rough allocations by about $100 million (£80 million) to $390 million (£300 million), but reduced prices by 5% or more. This was an extraordinary move, because De Beers rarely lowers prices by such an amount, especially on larger, better quality rough diamonds. The company usually “adjusts” prices - raising them on a few of the more than 5,000 rough categories and lowering them on others, or it simply disguises decreases by shifting better quality rough into lower categories.

De Beers never lowers prices across the board, as it did in this last cycle. But a 5% reduction is impossible to disguise. Some reports indicate that small, less expensive qualities were lowered much more. De Beers also increased its buy-back allowance from 10% to 20% for larger goods, which permits clients to sell goods back to De Beers that they cannot absorb or cut profitably.

De Beers was probably forced into lowering prices after the September announcement by ABN Amro Bank that it would no longer provide credit for rough purchases that cannot be cut profitably, which included almost all categories of diamonds at that time.

Russia’s Alrosa announced that its third quarter rough sales fell 37% by value compared to the same period last year. The drop would have been larger if not for a recovery in October that saw an increase in revenues on the same month in 2018. One reason for the precipitous drop is that the company shifted its focus to smaller diamonds, thus sales by volume were down only 5%.

Alrosa said that October’s sales increase of 7% meant that demand was stabilising as excess supplies in the market are being drawn down.

The ultra-large diamond market has slowed as well: Gem Diamonds, which operates the Letseng Mine in Lesotho, said the average price of diamonds recovered this year is down 23% to $1,417 (£1,100) per carat. Letseng’s production is small – about 110,000 carats yearly – but it routinely produces diamonds over 50 carats.

RETAIL JEWELLERY MARKET

Global diamond jewellery demand increased by 1.9% to a total of $76 billion (£59 billion), De Beers reported in its “Diamond Insight” survey released this month.

The US remained the world’s largest market for diamond jewellery, accounting for $36 billion (£30 billion) in sales; just over 47% of the world total. The diamond content in jewellery sold in the US totalled $12.3 billion (£9.55 billion).

China’s retail diamond demand just topped $10 billion (£7.7 billion), with diamond content totalling $3.47 billion (£2.69 billion). Japan, at $5 billion/£3.88 billion ($1.16 billion/£900 million), and India, at $3 billion/£2.3 billion ($1.3 billion/£1 billion), are the other top retail diamond markets.

The report noted that female self-purchase is the fastest growing category of diamond jewellery worldwide, but that gifts from men to women still represent 52% of non-engagement-ring sales.

The report also noted that, because De Beers changed how it evaluates the diamond content in jewellery, the company had revised previous downward estimates of total diamond sales.

JEWELLERY AUCTIONS

After a calm spring season, demand and prices at the extreme top end have again strengthened.

Christie's 12 Nov Geneva auction was 93% sold by lot and 88% by value. The top lot of the sale was the GIA-graded Fancy Deep blue 7.03 ct diamond from London jeweller Moussaieff, which drew a top bid of $11.6 million (£9 million; $1.65/£1.28 million per carat), within the pre-sale estimate.

Other large gems that sold were:

• A 46.93 ct GIA-graded D IF step-cut cushion-shaped diamond for $3.1 million (£2.4 million; $66,800/£51,900 per carat), just under the pre-sale estimate
• A 25.2 ct GIA-graded D VVS rectangular cut diamond for $2.53 million (£1.96 million; $100,595/£78,116 per carat)
• A 42.97 ct Burmese octagon cut sapphire for $2.5 million (£1.9 million; $59,000/£45,800 per carat)
• A 13.53 ct Colombian emerald for nearly $1.1 million (£854,000), a very strong $91,575 (£71,113) per carat

Interestingly, all of the buyers chose to remain anonymous, which is unusual for large gems.

The following day, Sotheby’s Geneva auction house sold 80% of the lots offered. The top lot was a Cartier bracelet containing a 47.07 ct Burmese cabochon sapphire, accompanied by two pear-shaped diamonds of 9.27 and 8.6 cts for $6.1 million (£4.7 million), doubling its pre-sale estimate. The bracelet was made in 1927 and sold to an “Asian female collector”, according to the auction house.

Another buyer paid $3.4 million (£2.6 million) for a 6.03 ct GIA-graded Fancy Intense purple pink diamond ($563,847/£437,858 per carat) mounted into a pendant, while a 14.97 ct Kashmir sapphire mounted into a diamond necklace sold for $1.4 million (£1.09 million).