Historically, the most highly prized rubies have come from the Mogok deposits of Burma (now called Myanmar). Their deep rich color is well represented by this necklace of reportedly Burmese rubies (a total of 46.05 ct; the largest stone is 6.22 ct) provided courtesy of R. Esmerian, Inc., New York. In recent years, rubies have emerged from new deposits in Tanzania and Vietnam that closely resemble Burmese stones and probably originate from geologic conditions similar to those at Mogok. The lead article in this issue provides a comprehensive description of the major occurrences and key gemological characteristics of Vietnamese rubies, while the other main article examines similar material that has recently emerged from the Morogoro area of Tanzania. The loose rubies and fancy sapphires illustrated here, all reported to be from Vietnam, are representative of some of the fine material from that nation. The 5.18-ct and 7.94-ct pink sapphires are courtesy of Andrew Sarosi, Los Angeles, CA; the 1.69-ct ruby is courtesy of Evan Caplan & Co., Los Angeles, CA; the remaining stones (0.32–0.50 ct) are courtesy of FIMO Gemstone S.A., Chiasso, Switzerland. Photo of the loose gemstones © Harold & Erica Van Pelt—Photographers, Los Angeles, CA. Photos of the necklace courtesy of R. Esmerian, Inc., New York.